Decreased bone density - The Wellness Clinic

What is Decreased Bone Density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia, is a condition where bones become less dense and weaker. It's a significant risk factor for developing osteoporosis. Think of your bones like a sponge: healthy bones are dense and strong. With osteopenia, the sponge becomes less dense, more fragile, and prone to breaks.

What causes decreased bone density? Several factors contribute to lower bone density:

• Aging: Our bodies naturally lose bone mass as we age, especially women after menopause due to decreased estrogen.
• Genetics: A family history of osteoporosis or osteopenia increases risk.
• Hormonal imbalances: Conditions like hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, and Cushing's syndrome affect bone health.
• Poor nutrition: A diet lacking calcium, vitamin D, and other essential nutrients is a major factor.
• Lack of exercise: Weight-bearing exercise (walking, running, weightlifting) strengthens bones. A sedentary lifestyle leads to bone loss.
• Certain medications: Long-term use of corticosteroids can increase risk.
• Medical conditions: Celiac disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease can interfere with nutrient absorption and bone building.

How is decreased bone density diagnosed?

Osteopenia is most commonly diagnosed with a bone density scan, also known as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). This painless test measures bone density and compares it to that of a young, healthy adult, assessing fracture risk. Blood tests may also be done.

What are the symptoms of decreased bone density?

Osteopenia often has no noticeable symptoms until a bone fracture occurs. Regular bone density screenings are important.

What can I do to improve bone density?

While you can't magically increase bone density overnight, a proactive lifestyle helps:

• Eat a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D: Include leafy greens, dairy products, or consider supplements under a doctor's supervision.
• Engage in regular weight-bearing and resistance exercises: A 30-minute walk most days can help.
• Quit smoking: Smoking increases fracture risk.
• Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol negatively impacts bone health.
• Talk to your doctor: Your physician can assess your risk factors and recommend a personalized treatment plan, which may include medication.

In short: Decreased bone density is prevalent, but mindful lifestyle adjustments and medical intervention can safeguard bone health and reduce fracture risk. Early detection is key. Consult your doctor if you have concerns.

Keywords: Decreased bone density, osteopenia, osteoporosis, bone density scan, DEXA scan, calcium, vitamin D, bone health, bone loss, weight-bearing exercise, risk factors, bone fracture.